2022 is a year when many discussions have been carried out on the first layer protocols (such as Ethercoin, Solana, BNB smart chain, landslide, etc.).

The huge increase in the number of irreplaceable tokens (NFT) shows that most blockchains cannot solve the load caused by popular methods.

Before the conversion of Ethernet currency to proof of rights and interests (read the article: Collaborate), the Internet was often blocked and the transaction fees were unimaginable. In fact, it is widely believed that only dolphins can participate in several DeFi programs in Ethercoin.

On the other hand, Solana has its own problems. Although it is popularized as a high throughput chain that can solve thousands of transactions (TPS) every second, the Internet has experienced several terminations and is completely inapplicable.

Now, there is a new child on the blockchain - Aptos blockchain. Aptos is known as the "killer of Solana". It is a "scalable, secure, reliable and renewable" network. It has been developed for more than three years and has just released its main network line.

Rapid objective facts:

• Aptos is a layer of blockchain developed and designed by Aptos Labs
• Aptos Labs was established by the key driver of Diem (developed and designed by Meta)
• It uses Proof of Interest (PoS) as a consensus algorithm

Aptos Key

The Aptos blockchain integration and detailed technology stack can also beAptos Industry Report.

According to the official website, the Aptos blockchain was developed and designed by a team of more than 350 developers "with scalability, safety factor, stability and renewability as the key standards".

This manual will dissolve several important parts, namely:

• Move Language
• Aptos Data Entity Model
• Mobile module

Mobile language expression

To represent the status of the ledger, Aptos applies Move's domain model. Move is a new blockchain smart contract computer language, with its core focus on reliability and coordination capability. It applies the Move module to number the standards of status transactions.

Transactions submitted by customers can publish new modules, update current modules, implement an input function defined in this module or include scripting that can interact with public sockets of various modules.

This ecosystem also has a compiler, a vm virtual machine (VM), and many special tools that developers can use.

This is aRun and runHow do developers start to interact with the Aptos ecosystem

Computer language focuses on resource scarcity, its storage and key management. It uses verified bytecodes to ensure category and memory security, even if there is untrusted encoding. On the other hand, in order to write more reliable codes, developers can browse Mover Prover, which is a formal verifier that can verify the accuracy of program flow functions according to preset standards.

According to the industry report, the team behind Aptos further enhanced the computer language to apply to a wider range of Web3 test cases.

database system

Aptos blockchain defines its ledger status as all account statuses. It uses an unsigned 64 bit integer amount for version management, which matches the number of transactions implemented by the network.

Everyone can submit the purchase and sale at will, so the ledger status can be changed. After implementation, a transaction export is formed, which includes zero (or more) actual operations to operate the ledger status. This is calledLoad BindingIt also represents the conclusion event space vector, the amount of gas consumed and the transaction status implemented.

The buyer and seller shall provide the following information:

• Transaction validator
• Send detailed address
• Gravity gradient
• Natural gas price
• Large gas volume
• number
• Expiration time
• Chain ID

It is worth noting that Move's database system is applicable to modules and the local global addressing mode of the database. Transactions that do not include coincidence and contradiction between data and accounts can also be executed in parallel.

Be able to grasp the concept of two situations more carefullythingandaccountCustomer program official website industry report.

Mobile module

The Move module has the Move bytecode that declares the structure and process. Constructs are only basic data types.

It is marked by the detailed account address of the module and the module name. Modules must be uniquely named in an account, and each account must use all given names to declare a module.

All modules are classified into libraries located at the same address. Subsequently, the user of the address publishes the package on the blockchain as a whole, mainly including the bytecode and metadata information of the package. The above database can define whether the package can be updated or not. For some promotable packages, other compatibility mode checks will be performed before allowing updates.

Note that although a new function formula and resource can be added, the channel point function cannot be changed, and network resources cannot be stored in the storage space.

Aptos architecture is defined as a regular updatable module package, as shown in the figure:

How should Aptos be expanded?

According to its industry report, the agreement was initially launched in a single ledger state, but over time, Aptos is preparing to expand in a different horizontal way.

To achieve this, the protocol can implement several partitioned account book states, each of which will also provide a design composition API and a partitioned definition.

Data information can be transmitted between fragments through a design bridge. Consumers and developers should be able to choose their own fragment plan according to their own needs.

Aptos regulation

The Aptos network operates according to the proof of equity (PoS) consensus algorithm, in which the verifier must have the minimum standard proof of equity in order to participate in the transaction authentication. On the other hand, AptosBFT is the BFT consensus algorithm of the contract, which is based on HotStuff.

BFT means Byzantine Fault Tolerance. It refers to the famous Byzantine general problem. In this problem, components may have common faults, but the data on whether a component is abnormal is not sound.

The verifier can determine the reward distribution between them and the chip player. On the other hand, the relevant parties can choose a random number of verifiers to place their tokens, and organize the reward distribution discussed in advance. The reward is received according to the relevant mobile module on the chain after the end of different times.

The dynamic password that adds power to Aptos ecosystem software is called APT.

APT Digital Currency Token Socioeconomics

APT's token socioeconomics has caused a very big objection in the digital currency community, because the token will initially be released without any public data about its total supply, distributors and overall plan.

The elite team then released a formal blogger, answering most of the key points.

During the operation of the main online line, the original supply of APT is set at 1 billion tokens, and the smallest unit is calledOctober

From the initial supply, 51% were selected as "community" type, 19% were selected as "key promoters", 16.5% were selected as charitable foundations, and 13.48% were selected as investors. The first category is elaborated. The online article writes:

The token pool is selected to be used for a project related to the ecosystem, such as giving fees and rewarding other community improvement plans. Some of these tokens have already been distributed to a project under the Aptos Agreement, and will be awarded after some milestones. Most of these tokens are owned by the Aptos Foundation, and a small number are owned by AptosLabs. This token is expected to be distributed within ten years

On the other hand, investors and key promoters have a four-year lock up period for tokens, excluding token rewards. At the same time, this is also a possible dynamic password supply plan:

APT airdropped materials

In order to launch the main network, this project has delivered a total of 20076150 APT dynamic passwords to 110235 pairs of qualified detailed addresses, accounting for about 2% of the original supply.

At that time, the group represented:

According to the existing data of the community, this is our first air drop of materials. The aptos foundation will also continue to evaluate good opportunities for the aptos community in the future.

You can query qualifications here.

Aptos Lab Leadership and Funding

Aptos Lab is the department that develops and designs Aptos blockchain. In 2021, Mo Shaikh and Avery Ching will lead the team. They had previously participated in Libra, a new blockchain project of Meta (its predecessor: Facebook), which was renamed as Diem.

As early as February 2022, Sheikh said:

Since leaving Meta, we have been able to put our own ideas into practice, solve the old ideas of bureaucracy, and start to create a new Internet to publicize it.

Aptos is one of the blockchain projects with the most abundant assets. In March 2022, the team raised $200 million in a round of financing led by Andreessen Horowitz (a16z), FTX Venture Capital Management Company, Coinbase Venture Capital Company and other blue chips in the data encryption market.

In July of the same year, Aptos raised another $150, led by FTX Ventures.